buy custom History and Evolution of Labor Movement in the United States essay

purchase custom History and Evolution of Labor Movement in the United States article In truth, the working individuals of the United States have needed to battle to understand the additions they have gathered to date. The contemporary American worker's organizations of considerable extents are an impression of enhancements that didn't come without any problem. Laborers in the American culture have manufactured imposing worker's organization developments through sorting out associations, procuring the privilege to portrayal, utilizing the procedure of aggregate bartering as the center of their exercises, and battling against inclination and segregation. From leading the drive to instruct every youngster, work developments in the United States have served to balance out the national economy and defend the American majority rule society. The underlying foundations of American worker's organization developments stretch out back to the early history of this nation (Foner, 2006). As right on time as 1620, Pilgrims who were generally working craftsmans began showing up at the Plymouth Rock. Skipper John Smith, who started the convergence on Virginias James River, mentioned his supporters in London to send him more craftsmans and working individuals (Llewellyn, 2004). It is during those days that crude associations including craftsmen, bureau creators, and shoemakers showed up, frequently transitory along the Atlantic seaboard of provincial America. Without a doubt, laborers in the pilgrim American culture assumed a significant job in the battle for autonomy. Notwithstanding, it was after the revelation of autonomy that the part of worker's guild developments got far reaching in the American culture (Light, 2005). For the sake of the motto of the time, quest for joy, printers, bureau creators, craftsmen, and shoemakers got occupied with strikes in the period somewhere in the range of 1776 and 1779 requesting higher pays and shorter working hours. By mid nineteenth century, there were recorded endeavors by associations to improve the state of laborers through strike activities and arrangements. It was in 1820s nonetheless, that the various laborers associations of that were engaged with the push to lessen the quantity of working hours from 12 to 10 began demonstrating an enthusiasm for the possibility of federationjoining endeavors in quest for basic destinations of the working populace. Notwithstanding its shortcoming at that point, this exertion mirrored the craving of the working populace to be managed financial and lawful insurance from abuse. This was specifically underlined by the way that plant systema wonder that had created wretchedness and ghettos in England for decadeswas coming to f ruition in the American culture (Light, 2005). The manufacturing plant framework prompted an affluent few and crushing destitution for some. Considering this, the quantity of laborers associations multiplied consistently during the center of the nineteenth century. It was during these occasions that associations in different urban communities began joining to shape citywide leagues. Despite the fact that disappointed by the 1837 money related frenzy, the 1834 National Trade Union framed by laborers in five urban areas was an about endeavor at countrywide alliance. Later on, in 1866, printers, stonecutters, shoemakers among others sent representatives from their individual associations to a Baltimore meeting that imagined the National Labor Union. Once more, not a solid establishment, the financial downturn of 1873 finished it (Foner, 2006). The following thing that was to catch open creative mind was the Knights of Labor. The Knights was a widely inclusive outfit established on the foundation of coopertive development. Aside from legal advisors, brokers, card sharks, and mixed refreshment sellers, who were not permitted enrollment into this association, the Knights didn't restrict itself to breadwinners, opening to incorporate even ranchers and entrepreneurs. In spite of the fact that in a couple of years the Knights of Labor acknowledged near a million individuals from both talented and incompetent specialists, its vogue hierarchical structure all things considered disappointed its individuals any expectations of progress in working hours and wages. This was specifically underlined by its pioneers antipathy for strikes and dependence on future guarantees of businesses. This set up for the foundation of a pragmatic worker's organization that could at the same time address long haul goals of a superior society and the ge nuine exercises of everyday elements of an association (Llewellyn, 2004). After numerous endeavors over a significant stretch, the principal functional advance in light of the need of an assembled work development front was a November 15 1881 gathering held in Pittsburgh. Representatives from printers, woodworkers, stogie creators, among different specialists associations and some others from the neighborhood units of Knights of Labor shaped foundation during this meetingFederation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions (Golembiewski, 2007). The constitution of this new laborers front was propelled by then twelve years of age British Trades Union Congress and its most significant plan was enactment. Samuel Gompers from the Cigar Makers Unionstarting a profession in the American work development scene that was to traverse four decades, led this new outfit. The most critical advance, be that as it may, came in 1986 when the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions developed into the American Federation of Labor, still under initiative of Gompers. Subseq uent to encountering a few hitches with the previous association, a confidence in the requirement for an increasingly compelling association educated the arrangement regarding AFL (Foner, 2006). Key Leaders of American Labor Movements and their Impacts on the Organizations The London, England conceived Samuel Gompers assumes acknowledgment as one of the most compelling pioneers of worker's organization developments in the United States. As referenced before, beginning with seat of the Federation of Trades and Labor Unions and later as the leader of the reconfigured American Federation of Labor, Gompers help molded exchange unionism the United Sates in its early stages. A self-announced Marxist, Gompers was especially unfriendly to communism. He held traditionalist political perspectives and accepted exchange unionists ought to acknowledge the financial frameworks of the daycapitalism. In spite of the fact that these perspectives prompted the arrangement of an opponent outfit, the Industrial Workers of the World, their enrollment numbers couldn't coordinate those of AFL. Notwithstanding encouraging the development of the main reasonable worker's organization development in the United States, Gompers likewise played a basic in the foundation of the Women s Trade Union Leaguean association that informed ladies on the upsides of joining worker's guilds and facilitated their requests of a superior working condition (Light, 2005). Beginning as a branch secretary of the United Mine Workers of America, John Lewis was another pioneer in the American exchange unionism scene who emphatically affected the government assistance of laborers (Golembiewski, 2007). In the wake of seeing a decrease in participation in his association, UMWA, brought about by developing joblessness, in 1935, Lewis mobillized seven heads of other worker's organizations to shape an umbrella organizationthe Congress for Industrial Organizationassuming the administration. Throughout the following scarcely any years, Lewis had the option to compose laborers in the new large scale manufacturing enterprises. This methodology was a triumph especially in the light of the way that by 1937, CIO had a greater number of individuals than AFL (Foner, 2006). A Republican, supporter of Roosevelt and an individual who supported numerous parts of the new arrangement, Lewis was anyway restricted to Roosevelts third term in office and left the administration of CIO after FDRS re-appointment. In any case, Lewis utilized his held administration of UMWA to lead a progression of strikes during the 1940s that lead to expanded wages for diggers. Thus, organization enrollment rose essentially, which prompted the Congress of the death of Taft-Hartley act, a methodology that tried to confine the exercises of worker's organizations. He left UMWA in 1960 (Foner, 2006). Another symbol in American exchange unionism is Walter Reuther, himself a child of an exchange unionist and communist dissident. His dissident began as a worker of the Ford Motor Company where he lost his employment because of such. In 1946, expected the administration of United Automobile Workers and after six years succeeded Philip Murray as the leader of the Congress for Industrial Organization. His open picture as one of the post Second World War II dynamic figures of exchange unionism was a direct result of his help of social equality social government assistance enactment. Under his initiative, the enrollment of UAW developed to 1.5 million. Moreover, he utilized his arrangement aptitudes to arrive at an understanding whereby a laid-off car laborer would bring home a sum practically equivalent to the one an individual could when working (Light, 2005). Current State of Affairs in the US Labor Movement In 1955, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organization converged into AFL-CIO and from that point forward has been the main association alliance speaking to the average workers in the United States (Light, 2005). This organization changed into American Federation of Labor in 1886. Albeit done for the sake of solidarity, this merger saw the exit of aggressor and majority rule associations with their pioneers driven out of the associations, and aggrieved under the manifestations of cold war government-company. In a word, any semblance of Walter Reuther are absent in the current exchange unionism (Foner, 2006). When AFC-CIO merger occurred the greater part 10 years back, one in each three United States laborers was in an association. During its 50th commemoration, under 12.5% of the laborers in the US had a place with a specific association while the sorted out level of laborers in the private area stayed under eight percent. Legislators have seriously debilitated the impact of AFL-CIO on bosses. The United Airlines court procedures in which this association refered to insolvency as a purpose behind denying its laborers a benefits that was a piece of its agreement with them serves to clearly show this. The partition and rule technique is apparent in the work development industry today. In the postal ind

Weekly questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week after week questions - Assignment Example Clearly, US organizations are tending towards redistributing their client support capacities to organizations that recruit staff fit for imparting fluidly in Spanish or English. While lion's share of worldwide US organizations have staff that is multi-lingual, the vast majority of them would in any case want to employ organizations that have a comparative social fondness (Cromie and Zott, 2014). Subsequently, they will in general be bound to redistribute capacities to areas that share a comparable culture, accordingly inclining toward close shoring. Albeit American organizations have profited gigantically from seaward re-appropriating before, the expanding interests in client assistance has made them mindful of the expenses of miscommunication on their general business. The US, starting at 2013, had a few exchange authorizes and embargoes against a few nations, including forcing embargoes on arms-related fares, budgetary limitations, financial help limitations, and double use trades controls. The ban against Cuba is one model, which includes monetary, financial, and business limitations initially forced in 1960 and further reached out in 1962 to cover practically all types of imports (Coy, 2012). An arms-exchange ban has been in power since 1958 when Cuban radicals headed by Fidel Castro held onto American properties and nationalized them. Moreover, further activities to nationalize all exclusive organizations prompted a ban on all Cuban earthy colored sugar imports. The US government reacted to Castro’s Cold War arrangement with the USSR by broadening the extent of exchange ban limitations, particularly after Cuba facilitated USSR rockets on their region (Coy, 2012). This brought about freezing of Cuban resources in the US and union of every current limitation. At last, in the wake of the shooting of unarmed US planes that slaughtered four US residents in 1992, the Helms-Burton Act confined dealing of property seized by the Cuban government

Essay Writing Samples For the Next Grade

Essay Writing Samples For the Next GradeIf you are looking for essay writing samples for the next grade, there are a lot of different formats to choose from. You can do research on the Internet and find plenty of resources for essays, but you have to make sure that you are getting the proper work to help you with your assignment.For example, while there are many sample essays for 4th grade and 5th grade essay writing samples, the difference in quality is quite noticeable. However, if you really want to make sure that you are getting the right answers to your question, you should not just rely on random essays. Instead, you need to take a look at how the writers answer the questions, and what they do with certain information.Also, you have to look at how they format the essay to fit in with the other things that they are writing about. Remember, this kind of writing will be relevant to what they are writing about, so you have to be careful. You will have to make sure that you find out who is writing the essay, and where it came from.After you find the essay, you have to see how the writer uses the data. You have to check out whether or not the writer actually knows what they are talking about. You have to find out if the data is being used correctly, or if the writer is making something up.You can do a lot of things to find out about the skills of the writer, such as by asking the writer to explain their essay, or make a point of asking them if they were answering the question in the right way. You can even ask a third party for opinions on the essay.If the writer cannot answer your question, or does not understand why they were asked the question, you should ask for a sample of their own essay. Not only will you be able to make sure that you are getting the right answers, but you will be able to determine what level the student has finished the essay.While a standard of quality is required at all grade levels, there are some differences between grades. At first glance, the writing samples for one grade level may not be useful for another grade level. You should research these things and make sure that you are getting the best work possible.Many people find that this is an easy way to make sure that they are getting the most out of their writing, and this is because they will be learning as they go. While the writing samples can sometimes help you figure out what is needed, they are not the only way to learn. You should take the time to read up on writing and do research on the internet to ensure that you are doing it right.

Plastic Surgery An Invention Of Modern Technology

We live in a society where people worship beauty. As far as recorded history people have gone to extremes to seek beauty. From foot binding in China to wearing strangulating corsets in Victorian era. People from different race and culture have experimented in every way possible way to look beautiful prior to this popular age of plastic surgery. It’s very common to hear people complain about their appearance, whether it’s their crocked nose, thin lips or flat chest. Remarkably, plastic surgery has been the solution for people who complain. Most people tend to think of plastic surgery as only cosmetic surgery and not as reconstructive surgeries. Plastic surgeries seems to be an invention of modern technology; however its roots lie in the ancient history of India. An Indian surgeon contributed towards the establishment of plastic surgery, it was intended to correct physical deformities acquired during birth, accident, disease or war. These surgeries did not gain the popula rity it has today until the First World War. It was during the late 60’s, when doctors started realizing the endless possibilities of plastic surgeries. With the help of this surgery a trained surgeon can replace an amputate body part, remove skin cancer, get rid of unattractive scars and visible birthmarks or rescaling a nose or enhance body parts. Today more and more people from different age groups opt for plastic surgeries to obtain dramatic physical changes. These surgeries were envisioned to restoreShow MoreRelatedThe Pedestrian, Breakfast, And Cinderella Inc.1203 Words   |  5 Pages1. Closely read The Pedestrian, Breakfast, and Cinderella Inc. Identify what main science fiction conventions, if any, are evident in each story. 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One might ask, how was it possible that technology has revolutionized the era we live, not only that but the question of our intelligence is brought up frequently and if we have forgotten old traditionsRead MoreIs Technolog y a Solution or a Danger to Our Health and Society?1428 Words   |  6 Pages Is Technology A Solution Or A Danger To Our Health And Society? Over the last few years of my life, technology evolved in an abrupt manner. Science and its inventions over the centuries have made life easier and enjoyable. The future of genetics, neuroscience, and biotechnology bear the potential to transform our world for the better. Any technology that offers benefits will usually come with risks as well. In order to make wise decisions about using a technology, we must understand its potentialRead MoreThe Is Not Mean The End Of Humanity And The Rise Of The Non Human2178 Words   |  9 Pagesthe humanity and the rise of the non-human, more like a shared partnership between humans and non-humans, continuously challenging the boundaries between the two. But where are these boundaries? I think nowadays there are several new inventions in biology, technology and reproduction which can redefine the limits of humanity and the beginning of posthumanity. To illustrate this uncertainty in locating these limits, I would use the example of Neil Bedming ton. In his essay, ‘Theorizing Posthumanism’Read MoreEssay On 3d Printing1354 Words   |  6 PagesSince Chuck Hull’s inventions of the modern 3D printer in 1984, the artificial manufacturing of three-dimensional objects for medical applications is expanding rapidly and, in the near future, is expected to revolutionize the healthcare industry. 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As technology advances more rapidly than ever, the opportunity for people to undergo surgery enabling them to look younger and healthier becomes more readily accessible to the masses. From the more common Botox treatments to breast augmentation surgeries and rhinoplasties, every year up to 15 million people around the world have opted to undergo certain cosmetic procedures in order to enhanceRead MoreEthical and Unethical Implication of Digital Manipulation2569 Words   |  11 PagesWhat is ethical and unethical regarding digital manipulation of media content that society is exposed to in modern days? There are many theories and beliefs regarding ethics of digital manipulation. Many people are under the impression that digital manipulation began with the invention of Photoshop like imaging software. The truth is that digital manipulation can be dated back to the invention of photography. The argument that digital manipulation is unethical can be supported in many ways. From photo-touching

The Choices of Nora Helmer - 800 Words

The Choices of Nora Helmer The one thing that every person is granted in life is having the option to choose. Choosing whether to stand or to sit; to go or to stay; to speak up or to stay quiet and fictional characters should be no different. In Henrik Ibsen’s play, A Doll’s House, the protagonist Nora Helmer is always making decisions that she feels are beneficial. Nora is like a typical housewife: devoted to her husband, children, and home. Just in the beginning of the play, she is seen coming back home after a day spent shopping for Christmas presents for her family. The reader grasps that she is a loving individual, but it also seems as if she is naà ¯ve. This all changes as the play continues. Just from how she handles situations and†¦show more content†¦Her decision displays how dedicated she is to her family. She wants what is best for her husband and what was best for him was for he to go to Italy. This choice also shows her strength. She knew that th ere was a huge chance that Helmer would be infuriated with her, for women at that time could not borrow money without their husband consent. Nora was willing to face his rage just to make sure that he received the help he needed. Nora’s unexpected decision to leave Helmer shows the confidence she has within herself and the strong ability that she posses. This result occurs when Helmer finds out that Nora had borrowed money from Krogstad to finance the trip to Italy. The two get into an argument, but it quickly dies down once Helmer receives another letter from Krogstad saying how he will not blackmail Nora anymore. Helmer tries to console her but at this point it was too late. She explains how she feels like his trophy by exclaiming, â€Å"†¦But our home’s been nothing but a playroom. I’ve been your doll-wife, the same way that I was Papa’s doll-child. And the children have been my dolls. I thought it was great fun when you played with me, the way they thought it was when I played with them. That’s what our marriage has been, Torvald† (Ibsen 935). She realizes that she has been nothing but a â€Å"plaything† for Torvald. Torvald liked the idea of having someone to love him and do what he says but notShow MoreRelatedNora Helmer And Nils Pavlov926 Words   |  4 PagesA. Torvald Helmer and Nils Krogstad are both men who use Nora Helmer in hope of advancing or protecting his career; but Nils is the one who releases Nora, while Torvald tries to tighten his control over Nora. B. Identify the complete title and author’s name and give the date of publication of the play. Give a brief summary of the plot. C. Nils Krogstad is a better man than Torvald Helmer because of the hope he has about the future and his change of heart about blackmailing the Helmers. II. Both NilsRead More Henrik Ibsens A Dolls House Essay1050 Words   |  5 Pageslexical choice. The initial impression given by the opening scene is of a happy traditional household. The first element of dramatic tension in the play is introduced when Nora demonstrates this inconsistency when she lies to Helmer about having eaten macaroons, Helmer: Has my little sweet-tooth been indulging herself in town today, by any chance? Nora: No, how can you think such a thing? It displays the way in which Nora is not always entirely honest with Helmer in orderRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen876 Words   |  4 PagesTorvald and Nora Helmer. Through conversation with Nora’s good friend Kristine Linde it is revealed that Mr. Helmer was ill around the same time Nora’s father died. Luckily Nora’s father left her enough money that Torvald and Nora could go on a life saving trip to Italy. But the truth comes out when we find out Nora’s father did not leave her a penny. We find out that Nora got a hold of the money through a loan but she signed her father s name as the cosigner. It is important to Nora that this scandalRead MoreA Psychoanalytical Perspective of a Dolls House972 Words   |  4 Pages Nora Helmer is a young mother of three and an obedient house wife in, â€Å"A Doll’s House,† a play write written by Henrik Ibsen. Using the psychological perspective to dig deeper into Nora’s subconscious the reader finds that Nora yearns to be an independent women, free to m ake important choices of her own, because she has never been given the option to make real important choices throughout her life. When she lived with her father she just tried to appease him and when she married Mr. Helmer sheRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Ibsen1487 Words   |  6 Pagespredominant story. Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House takes place after a woman, Nora, illegally takes a loan. She then struggles to hide it when the lender, Krogstad, threatens to reveal her crime to her husband, Torvald Helmer. Dr. Rank appears to play a minor role in the story but his illness is a highly underrated element. Dr. Rank plays an important role in A Doll’s House through his companionship with Nora, his illness and his choices. Ibsen’s elaboration of Doctor Rank’s role is vital as it helps accentuateRead MoreEssay about Henrik Ibsens A Doll House1208 Words   |  5 PagesNora, a woman of mystery, a child if you will, and an ecstatic character is introd uced in the very beginning in A Doll House as a jumpy little â€Å"squirrel, â€Å"full of energy seemingly unaware or the world and turns out as a completely different woman as she becomes wiser, sophisticated, developing a feeling of high independency due to interactions with various characters which restructure her character. Nora’s refinement was due to dilemmas with characters such as Krogstad whom she forges her father’sRead MoreNoras Character Analysis Essay1332 Words   |  6 PagesMiguel Rivera 11/21/17 Kristen Brumfield Nora is commonly called a rebel who chooses to abandon the conventional matrimonial life in order to find her true identity (Varghaiyan,118-122) Nora shows a different side of her character to viewers of the play. The complexity of Noras character is revealed through her interactions with Dr. Rank, Krogstad, Kristine, and Torvald. The way she interacts with these character ultimately reveals a different side to her in the end of the story. During theRead MoreA Doll s House By Henrik Isben Essay1226 Words   |  5 Pagesinteresting because of the funny dialogue, Ibsen s view of the place of ladies in the public eye and the unique characters. The main characters of the play is Nora Helmer and her husband Torvald Helmer. Imagine what it would be like to live in a doll s home? It s a house in which you are controlled and have no energy to settle on any solid choice; It s a house in which you are a play thing for another person s amusement. This sounds a ton like an awful marriage, s o it s a house in which your husbandRead MoreA Dolls House by Henrik Ibsen1725 Words   |  7 Pages Ibsen’s A Doll’s House begins with the first scene portraying a conversation between husband and wife, Helmer and protagonist, Nora. The conversation is playful and seems to be one that is reoccurring in their relationship. The very first scene is where feministic themes begin to become apparent, specifically misogyny. The role of the man and the women is outlined in this first scene as Nora asks her husband for money, she earns nothing for herself and must depend on her husband for every cent thatRead MoreBreaking the Mold: a Doll House Essay1015 Words   |  5 Pageswoman is hardly descriptive of Nora in Henrik Ibson’s A Doll House. Through careful observation and questioning, Nora recognizes the injustice of the male-dominated society in which she lives. Nora’s discomposure with as her begin treated as her husband Torvald’s subordinate, her rea lization of Torvald’s true character, and her desire to educate herself prompt her to become independent. The most important choice that Nora makes is to leave Torvald Helmer, because this choice is facilitates Nora’s personal

Forensic Investigation Based On An Imaginary Company

Forensic Analysis Name University Course Name and Code Instructor Date of Submission Forensic Analysis Context: This analysis is based on an imaginary company, ABC Corporation that designs and manufactures wireless routers and telecommunication equipment. However, the company lacks procedures, processes and policies for external forensic examination. The following discussion details a policy and process that may structure forensic examination requirements for a crime possibly committed using one of the company’s computers. Discussion: In digital forensic investigations, Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) should be designed within the limits of the tools available at the†¦show more content†¦83). The forensic experts should first build a business case through a detailed risk analysis to demonstrate how the process will free the company from litigation. This would serve as a persuasive justification for supporting the lab in case employees’ rights were infringed during the crime (Nelson et al., 2016 p. 83). Important points to consider during acquisition of evidence should include but not limited to: acceptance criteria, point of contact (Adams, 2012), required documentation and software, vendor’s maintenance record (Nelson et al., 2016 p. 84) and physical evidence submission requirements (Adams, 2012). Fourth, it is imperative to evaluate whether the mission statement of the forensic team integrates its core functions and how these functions align with the wider picture of the crime scene. The functions of this team may range from forensic analysis to evidence collection and high-technology investigations. The mandate of the team will be limited to its core functions, the type of digital crime committed and whether it violates the company’s policies (Craiger, n.d). Fourth, the administrative aspects of the crime scene should be thoroughly evaluated. Before investigating the digital crime, it is imperative to ensure that the software used for forensic analysis (or used to commit the crime) is fully licensed by the agency assigned to the unit or the vendor respectivelyShow MoreRelatedJonathan s Record On Corruption Is A Disgrace Essay1115 Words   |  5 Pagesa bribe totalling $3 million from the subsidy recipients, a bargaining chip for influencing favourable committee recom mendations. He is alleged to have collected $500,000 of the $3 million bribe solicited from an oil tycoon to drop his company from the investigation. Farouk has been charged with the offence but has continually filed frivolous and vexatious challenges and petitions against the court judges in a bid to continue delaying the hearing and determination of his corruption case. MoreoverRead MoreCase Study On Financial Infidelity And Frauds2950 Words   |  12 PagesPHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES 5 NEED FOR ETHICAL GUIDELINES FOR CLINICAL TRIALS 7 INTERNATIONAL CODES 9 CONCLUSION 12 REFERENCES 13 NSDL Scam Why it happened? After establishment of electronic depository, transfer of shares and process involved in it became simpler. In any IPO, there is a retail portion of IPO in order to encourage small scale investors. Hence there was greed among people to get the maximum of the retail portion in order to earn a higher profit because the big companies’ IPO alwaysRead More The Psychology of Pedophiles Essay4421 Words   |  18 Pagesis a mixture of many different defects, biological, psychological, and social. There is research dating as far back as the early 1940s that pedophiles are created due to some kind of chemical imbalance. More recent studies have centered their investigations around the amount of testosterone that is present in pedophiles verses people who portray no sexual feelings toward children. Studies show that the pedophiles had increased levels of the hormone testosterone in their system. This has been linkedRead MoreMba Solved Assignment Papers52670 Words   |  211 Pagessolut ions to problems.Itis  a  purposiveinvestigation.  It  is  an  organized  inquiry.  It  seeks  tofind  explanations  tounexplained phenomenon to clarify the doubtful facts and to correctthemisconceivedfacts.Research  is  the  organized  and  systematic  inquiry  or  investigation  which  provides  information for solving a problem or finding answers to a complex issue. Research in business: Often,  organization  members  want  to  know  everything  about  their  products,  services, programs, etc. Your research plans depend on what

International Marketing BSA Manufacturing Company Case Study

Question: Describe about the International Marketing for BSA Manufacturing Company Case Study. Answer: Introduction Advanced technology has made it easy for the companies to penetrate the global markets. However, high expenses of entering the foreign markets makes it difficult for the small companies. Similarly, multinational corporations may find themselves unable to make it in the international markets if they do not have the suitable international market strategies(Monica, 2013, p. 65). Therefore, entry of the global markets is not all about how the company is financially endowed but coming with the right market entry strategy. The establishment of the international market entry strategy is not a one-off task but a continuous process depending on the market trends in the target market(Cui, et al., 2011, p. 32). Alternatively, the company needs to study and scan the global market to come up with the most entry strategy that will ensure successful entry in the new market(Dunning, 2009, p. 8). For elaborative and comprehensive analysis of the international marketing, this paper uses the case study of the BSA Manufacturing Sdn Bhd a company based in Malaysia. The paper addresses factors that may encounter the company has it strives to expand its market operations Indonesia. BSA Manufacturing Background BSA Manufacturing was founded in 1995. The company core activities include the manufacturing of the motor vehicles parts and other accessories. First, the company was incorporated as a private company in and later into a public limited company, and it has been listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange market since 2002. The company name BSA stands for Bold, Stylish, and Successful Automotive. The name BSA is associated with the company vision whereby the founder advocated for the stylish and successful manufacturer of aluminum alloy motor vehicle spare parts all over the world. The company corporate colors are yellow and green. The yellow color denotes elegance, royal, prestigious, creative and exotic whereas the green color represents the environmental friendliness. Difficulties and Complexities Factors in Entering the Indonesia Market Despite the nature or type of the product or service being marketing internationally there are possibilities of the marketer to come across various challenges and obstacles(Baks Bolstad, 2010, p. 21). For example, there is an aspect of cultural diversity, legal structure, and economic factors among many other factors that the international marketer must put into consideration(Freeman, et al., 2006, p. 38). International marketing requires the marketer to get rid of these factors which may have maintained the company in the comfort zone while in the home country(Khan, 2015, p. 8). Even though the robust and extensive technology has turned the world into the global village, there still exist a difference between countries, human behaviors, economies, and markets. International marketing introduces to the marketer new and unique challenges and therefore the company should be the prepared face to handle the same(Dunning, 2009, p. 11). Similarly, the entry of the BSA Manufacturing Compan y in the Indonesian market it is likely to meet various challenges. This report discusses some of the drawbacks that the BSA Company may encounter in its new international market plan. Tariff Barriers Tariff barriers involve duties and other taxes imposed on imports. Many countries impose high tariffs rates to discourage importation and encourage the consumption of the locally produced goods. This makes it difficult for the international marketers to enter the host country market. This is because the products and services become expensive compared to other substitutes which are domestically manufactured. Eventually, the international company profit margin ends up reducing. The tariffs on imports in Indonesia range between 0% and 40%(Global Business Guide Indonesia, 2015). The calculation of the amount payable on imports is arrived at by summing the cost of the imports, freight and insurance charges. However, there are goods which are imported for free. The average tariff rate on imports ranges between 10% and 12%(Global Trade Solutions, 2015). This will increase the price of the BSA Manufacturing Company products. However, the company can still make it in the Indonesian market by opening a new plant in the country. This will classify BSA Company products as the local products and thus the company will be able to enjoy higher profit margins. Administrative Polices International marketers it is sometimes very difficult to overcome administrative policies of some countries unless a bribe is offered. Freeman, et al. (2006, p. 35) argued that bureaucracy in administrative procedures in the target market country makes it harder for the international marketers. This is because some countries have more complicated administrative formalities that the importer or the exporter has to clear. Even though it is unethical, sometimes this obstacle forces the marketers to engage in unjust dealings to have their entry permitted(Johanson Vahlne, 2009, p. 1412). For the BSA Manufacturing entry in Indonesia, it may be easy as the administrative procedures for entry into the Indonesian market are not such complicated. In case the company experiences administrative policies difficulties it can look for partners who will be selling the company products in the Indonesian market on behalf of BSA Manufacturing. Political Environment International managers should be ready to face totally different political system from one of the home countries. The studies indicate that political structures in several countries may pose challenges or offer opportunities for the marketers (Cui, et al., 2011, p. 60). Additionally, it is crucial to note that different nations have their approaches, philosophies, and priorities on international trades. These factors change with different government regimes. For example, the election Donald Trump as the new president of the America is likely to change trade policies provided his views on the US trading partners. The BSA Manufacturing entry in the Indonesian market will be easy. The country political situation is favorable despite the continuous political noise for the government to adopt protectionism policy(Katz, 2015). Alternatively, the corruption is quite evident in Indonesia which may affect how the company will market its products. The political menace can be overcome by adheri ng to the country's international trade policies. Ethics and Norms Challenges Ethical standards that govern how business undertake their activities and operations vary from one country to another(Nakata Huang, 2005, p. 612). These norms and ethics are deeply rooted in the countrys formal regulations and formal laws. Additionally, there are international business codes of ethics that the international marketer has to adhere to. Ethics in Indonesia are a bit challenging for the international marketers. The vice of corruption within the country may affect how BSA Manufacturing Company will market its products. However, BSA can bypass this challenge strictly to the home country ethical standards. Cultural Diversity Different nations have diverse cultures of doing business. For the international marketer to be successful needs to understand the host country culture and be able to accommodate the same in the company marketing activities. According to Murphy, et al. (2005, p. 12) mostly consumers are influenced to switch to a particular product as per the message they obtained via media and other product promotional tools. A sense of humor is usually used by marketers to capture the customer attention. However. What is perceived to be humor in the marketers country may be the insulting in the host country. This calls for deep scrutiny of the foreign culture before the commencement of the marketing activities. For BSA Company, it can overcome this problem by understanding the religious views, moral, customs and culture that is dominant in Indonesia. Importance and Expense of Multinational Marketing Information System (MMIS) From the perspective of the multinational companies, Marketing Information System has been an area of challenges for a significant number of years(Hosami, et al., 2013, p. 725). Its importance and expense in the international marketing management it is still a problem to many. Marketing information system is a computerized program that helps the multinational companies in solving the problems related to international marketing(Gilani, 2010, p. 210). Apart from international marketing Information System can be used in internal marketing, benchmarking and customer evaluation, sales management and in inbound and outbound logistics of supply chain management. This system has proved to be effective in creating new ideas as well solving demand items(Jamshidian Josie, 2007, p. 13). BSA can use this tool to determine the problems that might hamper the marketing process of the company. Additionally, it helps the company in coming up with the new ideas on how the can enter and penetrate the I ndonesian marketing smoothly. Marketing Information System Basic Components Marketing Intelligence System: The term marketing intelligent system refers to some the ethical activities that are utilized to obtain the necessary information about the competitors(Gilani, 2011, p. 56). BSA Company will use this system to obtain information about competitors such as Indomobil Bhupala and Road Racing Parts Company. Formal Marketing Research System: It used to gather about prospects and the customers of the multinational company. It aims at obtaining both primary and secondary data. Management Science System: This component provides information about the pricing subsystems, place and the company products(Mohammadsaid' Freihat , 2012, p. 328). BSA can use this component to define the company products to be sold in Indonesia and the price at which they will be sold at. Integrated-Mix Subsystems: The components put into consideration various aspects of the international marketing. It integrates the variables of formal marketing research, intelligent marketing system and management science system. Use of Multinational Marketing Information System The core objective of any marketing is to identify customers for the companys products and services(Sunday Felix, 2013, p. 155). The process of identification entails ascertaining what the customers needs. This is followed by production of products services that will address their needs satisfactory. The next stage ensures the customers have information about the company products. This task is accomplished through promotion and advertising of the firm products. Marketing information system addresses all the above issues. Considering that BSA Manufacturing Company has already developed its products and are already in the market, the most importance part of the Multinational Marketing information system will be at promotion and advertising activities. This report outlines the specific areas that MMIS should be used to address. Market Analysis: BSA Manufacturing Company should obtain data about Indonesian market trends, consumer behavior and demographic through the usage of the MMIS. Pricing Analysis: At the User Management Level of the system the company will determine the prices of the products to be sold in the Indonesian market. Sales and Forecasting System: Help in the creation of the sales forecast for five years. Through the usage of the User Strategic Management Level BSA Manufacturing will prepare a sales forecast for five years to determine whether it will be viable entering the Indonesian market. From the information provided above it evidently, comes out that MMIS is very useful in sales and marketing. Therefore, BSA manufacturing sales and marketing department can use it some ways: Strategic Level: To monitor changes that might affect sales opportunities, products, planning of the new products as well as monitoring the performance of the business rival companies. Management Level: It is used to support market research, pricing decisions, promotional campaigns and advertising. Additionally, the carry out the both sales and salesperson performance analysis. Knowledge Level: This component supports marketing analysis at the target market. The tracing and contracting of the prospective consumers are achieved at the operational level of the system. Besides, it assists in offering customer service support, processing orders as well as tracking sales. International Marketing Main Pricing Determination Factors Cost: If the company aims to recover all the costs it has incurred to bring the products into the saleable condition and include a profit margin above the cost, then it can adopt the cost based pricing. Given that BSA Manufacturing Company is a new player in the Indonesian Market it can apply this strategy before it has fully positioned itself in the market. Currency Exchange Rates: The fluctuating of the currency exchange rates or the comparison of the host country currency with that of the home may favor or disfavor and international marketer. According to McDonald, et al. (2010, p. 24) fluctuation of the currency hampers the company from making long-term decisions. Therefore, as BSA Company enters the Indonesian market, this is one core factor that it should put into consideration. The corporate goals and objectives: Some multinational companies such Starbucks may operate at a loss in some regions to counter influence their competitors' activities or maintain the reputation of being a global company. BSA Company objective is to increase its sales as well as profit. Therefore, the international marketer clearly understands what have anticipated goals for the company for entering a new market. Business Environment: This entails taxation and other government regulations. If the taxation on the taxable income is high, then the company should consider charging a higher price to realize fair net income. Competitor Prices: The competition in the business can be founded at the various basis. One of the most common known competition is a pricing strategy. Given that BSA is a new market participant in Indonesia it should raise its prices relatively lower than those of the customers before its market share grows. Regulations: In some countries, there are regulations the sets up both the maximum and the minimum price that can be charged for a given product. Again, other countries that in the computation of the product price Valued Added Tax Must be added. Note that the Value Added Tax is borne by the consumer and not seller hence making the product expensive. If the VAT being charged to the customers is too high, then the company can lower the price charged to make the product affordable for the consumers. National Market Size: Most of the times, companies' uses the volume of the sales to come into conclusion the price at the product will break even. For countries with more sales, the price will be lower than the country where the company will make a few sales. Differences and Complexities in Integrated Marketing Communications in Indonesian Market Integrated marketing helps in bringing together various components of marketing such promotion through the suitable media, public relation, and advertisement to help the capture of the end consumers of the company products and services(Naeem, et al., 2013, p. 126). The helps in improving the visibility of the product among the target market and also make sure the potential consumer are appealed to purchase company products. When international companies are entering the new markets, they find some differences and complexities in the integrated marketing communication. Chang Thorson (2004, p. 78), argued that provided that foreign markets are totally different from that of the home country, international marketers are likely to overcome difficulties in promoting their new products if the marketing is not well planned. Therefore, for the new players to make it in the foreign market have to a well-laid plan on how to overcome challenges which may across. Similarly, BSA Manufacturing Com pany is likely to face various complexities in its marketing activities in the new market of Indonesia. Kitchen Schultz (2000, p. 12) noted that international marketing is very crucial and the marketers should be aware that they are entering a new country with totally different culture from the home country. In support Jones (2008, p. 19) advocated that also new markets should be done with a lot of care to avoid offending the target market. Therefore, this calls the international market to understand both the internal and external environment of the new market to address the issues which might derail their marketing activities. The report discusses the differences and the complexities in the integrated marketing communication strategy below. Limited information on How the Market Operates: One of the greatest challenges of the BSA Manufacturing might be understanding how the Indonesian motor vehicle markets work. For example, the e-commerce business in Indonesia is not well embraced. If the BSA is not aware of this aspect, it might find itself using internet marketing strategy and hence fails to reach the target audience. Therefore, BSA Manufacturing Company should carry out extensive research to have a broad understanding of all the essential components of the integrated marketing communication in Indonesia. Price War: According to (Herlambang, 2016) majority of the e-commerce businesses in Indonesia spend a lot of money in educating the target market to gain a market share. This can make it difficult for the BSA as it may spend a lot of money doing promotional campaigns and fail to achieve its objectives of acquiring a relatively good percentage of the market share. Coming up with the Right Brand Name: The majority of the multinational companies such as Coca-Cola have found it difficult to sell their brand in the new markets. For example, the promotion of Coca-Cola products in China faced obstacles whereby the interpretation of the brand name into Chinese language sound a bit of insulting(Almarzouki, 2014). This is the factor that the BSA Company should be aware and create a brand name that will not appeal in their production activities but it will also lure the customers to purchase the company products. Defining the Consumer Behavior: Different consumers portray different behavior in different buying contexts (Chang Thorson, 2004, p. 13). It is the task of the marketer to understand the behavior expressed by the consumers based on gender, geographical region or age. Failure to do it will become difficult for the marketer to understand the true nature of the target market. Similarly, BSA Company should carry out research to determine the behavior exhibited by the target market. However, this may be difficult for BSA due to the expenses and time undertake while carrying out the research. The company can overcome this challenge by studying from the other companies selling the similar products. Minimizing Cost: The main objective of every business entity is to operate the lowest cost possible. This is the fact that business entities exist to make profits but not incur losses. Putting into consideration that BSA Manufacturing Company has to carry out the promotional activities and the same time has considered the aspect of cost is a challenging situation. This is because may incur a lot of cost advertising but the results of market fail to match the cost incurred. This has been a serious challenge for the international marketers. Challenges in the Branding Process The globalization of the markets has availed new branding challenges for the international marketers(Saxena, 2012, p. 38). For example, markets for the similar products have emerged and thus the marketers has to make company product look unique and different from the other marketers. This will only be achieved appropriately if the company branding process is outstanding. For BSA Manufacturing Company entry in the Indonesia it will not be an easy task, and hence it should be prepared to overcome the following branding challenges. Right Brand Vision: According to (Kyung, et al., 2008, p. 78), the company's brand vision needs to inspire the employees, be associated with the customers and different from other similar products in the market. Alternatively, the brand product should be applicable in different market contexts of Indonesia. For BSA Company overcome this challenge it has to ensure that the product brand is beyond the function benefits, it is for the higher purpose, puts into consideration the organizational values as well as brand personality. Brand Subcategories: This is most difficult and the same time the most difficult part for the international marketers(Manoj Raju, 2009, p. 22). The purpose of the marketer is to ensure the products sells in the new market and at the same gain competitive advantage through increased market share. Therefore, the international marketer has to develop the brand in categories. This help in denying the competitors information on how the new brand has been developed. To achieve BSA Company will need transformational innovation to develop the brand from one category to another. Brand Conformance to Integrated Marketing Communication: The communication of the company products entails many methods ranging from social media, digital mobile, sponsorships and advertising. This is mostly common used methods by almost every company. Therefore, BSA Company product should be designed in a manner that it different as well competitive when compared to the rival companies brands. Maintenance of the Brand Relevance: As it is expensive to acquire a new customer than to retain the existing ones likewise, it is costly to come up with the new brand than to maintain the relevance of the existing one. According to (Saxena, 2012, p. 40) brands relevance maintenance face the three major challenges, loss of energy; customers coming with the reasons not to purchase and customers purchasing what the brand is providing. Therefore, as much as BSA Company strives to maintain the company brand relevance it should also consider developing the same to keep it in line with the changes in the business environment. Conclusion Throughout the report, it has been portrayed clear that entering of the international market is a cumbersome process. The company anticipating to enter the international market should be endowed with the essential resources such as enough funds and qualified personnel. However, findings indicate that international marketing it is not all about a company is resourceful but being able to address the gap in the market. Upon analyzing the Indonesian Market there may not exist a gap, but BSA can enter the market and claim a good market share by offering the quality products. By consideration, all that has been covered in this report BSA Manufacturing Company will be able to enter the Indonesian market with ease and market its products successfully. References Almarzouki, A., 2014. International Marketing Communications. [Online] Available at: https://internationalmarketingcommunications.com/ [Accessed 6 December 2016]. Baks, O. Bolstad, A., 2010. International Market Expansion Strategies for High-Tech Firms: Partnership Selection Criteria for Forming Strategic Alliances. International Journal of Business and Management, 5(1), pp. 20-30. Chang, Y. Thorson, E., 2004. Television And Web Advertising Synergies. Journal of Advertising, 33(2), pp. 75-84. Cui, A. P., Walsh, M. F. Gallion, D., 2011. Internationalization Challenges For SMEs And Global Marketing Managers: A Case Study. International Journal of Business and Social Research, 1(1), pp. 57-69. Dunning, J., 2009. Location and the Multinational Enterprise: A Neglected Factor?. Journal of International Business Studies, 40(1), pp. 5-19. Freeman, S., Edwards, R. Schroder, B., 2006. How smaller born global firms use networks and alliances to overcome constraints to rapid internationalization. Journal of International Marketing, 1(4), pp. 33-63. Gilani, N., 2010. Introduction to Industrial Marketing. S.l.: Kadvsan Press. Gilani, N., 2011. Intelligence system Application in Evaluation of Science Technology Park. Science Producing Journal, 1(2), p. 56_59. . Global Business Guide Indonesia, 2015. Indonesia Raises Import Tariffs on Consumer Goods. [Online] Available at: https://www.gbgindonesia.com/en/main/business_updates/2015/indonesia_raises_import_tariffs_on_consumer_goods_11281.php [Accessed 5 December 2016]. Global Trade Solutions, 2015. Duty Calculator Country Guides. [Online] Available at: https://www.dutycalculator.com/country-guides/ [Accessed 5 December 2016]. Herlambang, A., 2016. What would be Amazon's biggest challenges in entering the Indonesian market?. [Online] Available at: https://www.quora.com/What-would-be-Amazons-biggest-challenges-in-entering-the-Indonesian-market [Accessed 6 December 2016]. Hosami, F., Tahvildari, K. Moradi, M., 2013. Marketing Information System in Organizational Processes. INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS, 4(3), pp. 720-724. Jamshidian, M. Josie, N. A., 2007. The Role of Marketing Information Systems Strategy Process. International Journal of Marketing, 3(2), pp. 13-14. Johanson, J. Vahlne, J. E., 2009. The Uppsala internationalization process model revisited From liability of foreignness to liability of outsidership. Journal of International Business Studies, Volume 40, p. 14111431. Jones, S. K., 2008. Creative Strategy in Integrated Marketing Communications, Unpublished manuscript. USA: Ferris State University. Katz, G., 2015. The political risks of doing business in Indonesia. [Online] Available at: https://www.strategic-risk-global.com/the-political-risks-of-doing-business-in-indonesia/1415241.article [Accessed 5 December 2016]. Khan, M. A., 2015. Challenges for MNEs operating in emerging markets. Journal of Management and Marketing Research, 18(2), pp. 1-16. Kitchen, P. J. Schultz, E. D., 2000. Communicating Globally: An Integrated Marketing Approach. London: Macmillan Press Ltd. Kyung, H. K., Kang, S. K. Dong, Y. K., 2008. Brand Equity in Hospital Marketing. Journal of Business Research, 6(1), pp. 75-82. Manoj, P. Raju, J. K., 2009. Analyzing Relationship between Brand Perception and Customer Loyalty in Life Insurance Industry. The Journal Contemporary Management Research, 3(12-36). McDonald, B. ., Nasco, S. . A. Devasagayam, R. ., 2010. Effects Of Jewish-Italian Consumer Animosity Towards Arab Products: The Role Of Personality. Marketing Management Journal, 20(1), pp. 1-46. Mohammadsaid', S. '. Freihat, S., 2012. The Role Of Marketing Information System In Marketing Decision-Making In Jordanian Shareholding Medicines Production Companies. The role of Marketing Information System, 11(2), pp. 326-336. Monica, C., 2013. Challenges Of Entering The Business Market: The Pre-Entry Knowledge And Experience. Management Marketing Journal, 8(1), pp. 63-78. Murphy, P. E., Laczniak, G. R., Bowie, N. E. Klein, T. A., 2005. Ethical Marketing: Basic Ethics in Action. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. Naeem, B., Bilal, M. Naz, U., 2013. Integrated Marketing Communication: A Review Paper. Interdisciplinary Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business, 5(5), pp. 124-133. Nakata, C. Huang, Y., 2005. Progress and promise: the last decade of international marketing research. Journal of Business Research, 5(8), p. 611 618. Saxena, S., 2012. Challenges and Strategies of Global Branding In Indian Market. Journal of Business and Management (, 4(1), pp. 38-43. Sunday, E. M. Felix, E. J., 2013. A Study of Marketing Information System (MIS) As a Contributory Factor on the Performance of Selected Transport Companies in Calabar Metropolis. American Journal of Tourism Research, 2(2), pp. 154-159.

Lab report water Sample

Lab report water Paper If the amylase only partly digests the starch, what would you expect to happen? If the amylase only partly digests the starch, I would expect to see a faint color change as well as a small presence of glucose inside the intestine. If the amylase fails to digest the starch, what results would you expect? If the amylase fails to digest the starch, I would expect the solution inside the intestine (Dialysis tubing) to change color to blue-black due to the chemical action that will occur when the Logos regent (kill) permeates through the intestine (Dialysis tubing). Why is it necessary to have a control for this experiment? By having a control in this experiment, we can see the changes with the presence of amylase. Logos regent (kill) changes color in the presence of starch, which is the control group that we have setup that demonstrates what would happen naturally, with starch and Logos regent (kill). The control group will have a distinct comparison available for us. As amylase, an enzyme that catalysts the reawaken of the starch into glucose, which will have no reaction with Logos regent (kill) as well as no color change. We will write a custom essay sample on Lab report water specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Lab report water specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Lab report water specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Were starch molecules able to cross the membrane? No, the starch molecules were not able to cross the membrane, because if it were able to pass through, then the solution on the outside of the intestine (Dialysis tubing) would have changed color to blue-black. Were Lug molecules able to cross the membrane? Yes, the starch molecules were able to cross the membrane as we observe the lour changes that occur inside the intestine (Dialysis tubing). What is your conclusion regard amylase digestive activity? In this experiment, I concluded that amylase have the abilities to catalyst the breakdown of the starch into glucose. Also, some molecules, such as the Logos regent (kill) and glucose are able to permeate through intestine (Dialysis tubing) while others, such as starch is not able to permeate through the (Dialysis What does this experiment tell you about the size of glucose molecules and membrane permeability? This experiment tells me the size of the glucose molecule is very small in comparison to starch molecule. They have high membrane permeability that allows them to permeate through the intestine (Dialysis tubing); this is supported by the presence of glucose in the water when we conducted the glucose test. In the experiment, did the movement of glucose and starch molecule reflect the expected results of biological simulation? In this experiment, the glucose and starch molecules accurately reflected the expected results of the biological simulation. Animals starch molecule cant cross the plasma membrane to leave the intestine, similarity in our experiment, the starch solution were not able to permeate through the intestine (Dialysis tubing), thus a no change of color occurred in the Logos regent (kill) solution. Furthermore, the glucose molecules can cross membrane between the intestine and circulatory system, and this is proven accurate as we were able to test the presence of glucose in the Logos regent (kill) solution that contain amylase in the intestine (Dialysis tubing).

Liberal reforms essays

Liberal reforms essays In this essay I will show to what extent the Liberal Government of 1906 to 1914 set up a welfare state in Britain, why they were so concerned with the health of the nation, what reforms they introduced in order to improve the nations health and why this was a period of major reform in Britain. A welfare state is a state with social services controlled or financed by the Government. These service aim to protect societys weakest members from the cradle to the grave. As Beveriage described it, a welfare state is the provision of services for the prevention of disease, squalor, want, idleness and ignorance. (1) The social reforms seemed to run counter to the laissez-faire individualist ideology of the nineteenth century Liberal party. This held to the view that the less state regulation the better. In the 1906 general election the Liberal party won a landslide victory on the basis, not of a programme of social reform, but in defence of free trade. This was a traditional Liberal policy, which was challenged by the unionists adoption of tariff reform or protection as a response to the rise of foreign competition. The Liberals success was due to the identification in the public mind of free trade with cheap food. For a variety of reasons it seems likely that whichever party had won the 1906 election, a number of social reforms would have been passed. There were changing attitudes to poverty. Instead of moral judgements which attributed poverty to idleness or drunkenness there was an increasing acceptance of economic and environmental explanations. At the beginning of the twentieth century a series of social enquires showed the extent of poverty in Britain. In particular the social surveys of Booth and Rowntree helped to change attitudes. Charles Booth, a wealthy ship owner, carried out between 1886 and 1903 an immense investigation published in several volumes of The Life and Labour of...

Musical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Musical Analysis - Essay Example 21). The means and methods used to identify the working of music vary from one analyst to another depending upon what purpose the analysis serves. Musical analysis has a history that dates back to 1750s, though it has also existed from the Middle Ages as a scholarly tool. A.B. Marx has been known for the formalization of concepts regarding music understanding and composition from the later half of the 19th century. While musical analysis is a way to identify how music works, it has been a subject of criticism since musical analysis has been thought to mutilate the musical work’s spirit through decomposition. It is said that â€Å"too much analysis kills the spirit of a performance† (Poore, 2005). My understanding of musical analysis is of a technique in which the working or a piece of music is judged on the basis of some well-defined scales or criteria. It comes with the presumption that a piece of music has to have a definite function and that it must conform to the se t principles in order to be considered valid or credible. This is where I personally side with the critics of musical analysis because in this age of innovation and creativity, development of music beyond these criteria and scales can be expected or that these criteria are also updated or modified to suit the tastes of the next generation. The end result of musical analysis is identification of a piece of music with a particular theme, genre, or style. I believe that music is a form of art and it has to be free of all constraints and boundaries in order to constantly evolve and provide the audience with something new and entertaining all the time. â€Å"Some authors regard analysis as ‘implicit in what the performer does’, however ‘intuitive and unsystematic’ it might be, while for others, performers must engage in rigorous and theoretically informed analysis of a work’s ‘parametric elements’ if its ‘aesthetic depth’ is to be plumbed† (Rink, 2002). Some musicians actually think like analysts and draw upon the parametric elements of their music while performing it while there are others for which, musical performance is a thing entirely disconnected from its analysis. Analysis is more of an academic process in which a piece of music is described in literary terms. I think that what appeals to the audience is not the extent to which a piece of music can be described or identified with a particular genre, but it is the emotions that it is capable of arising in the audience, the magic, power, and strength that it carries to send give the audience goosebumps. The power of a piece of music can be better understood from a first-hand experience of its performance rather than analysis. Analysis does not essentially capture the essence of performance, and that is why it is inferior to the experience of performance from the perspective of audience. â€Å"Analysis is generally implicit, since many musician s do not command the verbal or notational tools that would enable explicit results†¦.[Nevertheless] by applying a procedural knowledge to a stock of declarative knowledge of prototypical pieces and situations, a musician gains additional declarative knowledge, increasing his or her knowledge of repertoire† (Brinner, 1995, p. 148). I agree because while composing music, many musicians have factors beyond the notational or verbal tools in their mind like what would appease the audience and experimenting with new tones and melodies to entertain the audience. As a result of this, their music might gain a lot of appreciation from the audience but fail to comply with the standards established by the analysts. However, a musician who has a fair understanding of the analysts’ criteria is able to incorporate those elements in the music to enhance it, though

Engineering Economics (Ethical, Civics, and Stewardship) Essay

Engineering Economics (Ethical, Civics, and Stewardship) - Essay Example An engineer should avoid deceptive tactics when delivering services since this tarnishes the reputation of engineering in the community. In addition to that an engineer should ensure that health and safety of the entire public is not compromised. An engineer just like any citizen he has an obligation to play as a citizen of United States. First he should use his profession to enhance the quality of life of other Americans. Above all, an engineer should ensure that his due taxes are paid in time. Maintaining peace and defending America when performing his services adds up to good citizenship of the United States. Stewardship can be defined as leading by example accepting responsibility for the activities carried. Engineers are involved in developing and managing complex projects and as human being errors do occur. A professional engineer should admit responsibility on his part rather engaging in blame a game that would lead nowhere. However, this does not mean that engineers should be reckless in their duties, but try to minimize such scenarios. Stewardship also encompasses admitting responsibility for excellence in service delivery, though most people only focus on the

Marketing plan Essay Example for Free

Marketing plan Essay Marketing Plan How to sell Vrd’s Executive Summary: Compact is a company that wants to be well known by marketing a new Voice Recognition Device (VRD). This company will be able to create, develop, and sell the product to many different customers. The product is used and operated by performing tasks without using keyboards, a mouse, or any buttons. Compact wants to serve as many customers as possible. We are flexible and are willing to work with any customer that comes our way. Our target market is essentially everyone. Specifically groups including mangers, assistants, creators, students, home users, and parents are the market segments. All of these customers will be able to take our business to the next level as we sell our products to them. †¢Managers need a product with many special commands and high error protection. The managers need the VRD product to do their work. †¢Assistants defiantly need a product that has a high ease of learning. The product will give them time to multitask with many projects at one time. †¢Creators need a product that is quick and able to get the job done. They don’t really need ease of learning or error protection. These people know how to fix a lot of things. Students want the best product at the cheapest price. The product will allow students to do homework on the go and communicate with teachers. †¢Home users can include everybody from kids to the elderly. For these people this product needs a high ease of learning. In addition, the special commands can be low for the home users because they are just getting started with technology. †¢The parents are caring and buying the product for their kids. They care about the education of their child and want them to be ahead of the game. They just want a product with a high ease of learning for their children. Our company is trying to serve everyone from the broke students to the high end mangers. We feel like our customers/consumers were willing to shop online and at stores. The major retail store will have the product like Wal-Mart and Target. Online shopping will be convenient for the managers, assistants, and creators. Most of these people are very good with computers. To support our decision with choosing this market, we were able to focus heavily on customer service, advertising, and special commands. Also, we felt since we were targeting everyone in the market that error protection, and ease of learning. This will give the ability for our company to sell more and maximize our profit. Our company was able to compete against three other companies selling Voice Recognition Device. And we were able to compete against one other company for the second item DVC. These companies were; Vocley, Voyz, and Echo. The other companies made us take a look at how we can improve our business. The company we competed against for DVC was Echo. We were able to use other companies’ choices to figure out some good business decisions. Also, we used other companies to see what mistakes that we shouldn’t make. To increase our profit we had to change and adjust things to fit the customers. The Compact Company was about profit but at the same time we wanted to sell a great amount of goods. This helped us to determine if our company should change advertising, or customer service, or decrease the price of the product. As the game went on we had to change our market to the higher market in order to make a better profit. This was allowed by watching and understanding the market. The two huge this to make profit was advertising and customer service. The advertising allowed us to promote the product. So with the more promotion we wanted to make sure was had good customer service. This would allow customers to depend on the company anytime they needed us. There were four types of advertising to choose from and they were; Direct, Indirect, Pioneering, and Reminder. For our company we were Direct for the first eight weeks. The dealers were able to target most of their sales face to face with people. But we soon realized that not everyone works like this and wants to buy. Changing to Reminder would inform the customer but give them the chance to come to us. We didn’t want to force their hand into buying something they didn’t want. For Compact this was the best decision we soon upped the profit and price. This had a major effect on the sales of the product for us. We found that the right type of advertising is vital. The distribution intensity is the percentage of time that the dealer is selling your product in each of the channels. You want to have the dealers working but don’t want to over work them. Compact’s dealer intensity was 50% in each channel. The dealers in each channel would have a great amount of time to work and personal time as well. They don’t want to go through a lot of steps to learn how to use the product. Home users are mainly using VRD for online shopping or communicating with other people. This is more of something for them to do while they are laid back. B. Preferences The home users want a good price not as low as students. Also, they want a product that is easy to learn and pick up on. C. Differences from other segments This category could include with a lot people like kids, adults, and elderly. As long as the product is user friendly with the home user anyone is able to use it. They just use the product for fun and games. It is nothing serious like the managers or creators use VRD for. D. Trends We as a group would say the trend of this market is many put into one. A lot more people are using throughout this market so it is offered to many. More people are working and planning on the go so this would be much help to them. Also, the kids doing homework they are forming groups also with the product. Assistants: A. Needs and wants Assistants need something that they can depend on all the time and VRD is that product. While at work they are always asked to do many tasks. VRD is the product that they are able to use with excellent software. Also, has a great ease of learning to pick up on things easier. This device will make the assistant work look better than it really is. B. Preferences The product needs to have to have a high ease of learning. Basically, the ease of learning needs to be on a kid’s level to use. You want the assistants to be able to do their jobs with low amount of stress. C. Differences from other segments The major difference with the assistants is most do not purchase they project. They are mostly purchased by the company that they work for because of the ease of learning. The VRD will be able to keep the assistants on task with their job. And be able to keep their bosses happy with them. D. Trends Once the major and high end companies started purchasing the VRD, they will need less and less assistants. The reason our group thinks this is because the ease of learning will allow less workers, to do more jobs effectively. Creators: A. Needs and wants These are the Market testers, designers, and Writers. This can also include some businessman and professional living. These people want the high speed and want things to want as fast as possible. They don’t worry much about the ease of learning. B. Preferences They just want the speed and high special commands. Price is not really a problem with this group of people. C. Differences from other segments The Creators use the VRD product for professional work. The creators are people who need a product and do not care how much it cost as long as it gets the job done. This group is willing to spend as much money as needed. D. Trends As long as this product works for the creators it will grow. Managers: A. Needs and wants Managers always in charge of other people they need a product that is able to multitask and help others. They need something that is high speed and functions well. Most managers are businessman who has special documents to send out and this product is a huge advantage. B. Preferences These people do not care how much the product is. They just want something that functions very well. Also, this group has the highest special commands at 15. 3. Also, this group wants a lot of error protection too. C. Differences from other segments The managers are people that are very knowledgeable and know a lot about computers and laptops. They do not need any instructions or label how to work VRD. They have been working with them long enough in their field that they will be able to figure it out easily.  D. Trends For this product to stay trending with the managers it will need to have updates all the time. The managers always will want the best product on the market and VRD is it. Parents: A. Needs and wants This group is getting the VRD product for either their kids or grandkids. This will have to have a great ease of learning for the kids. The special com mands don’t have to be high at all. Parents can use this as a teaching tool for their kids. B. Preferences The parents just need a product with a high ease of learning for their kids. C. Differences from other segments Vocley’s strengths seem to be their unit sales, which has led the industry. Other strengths are higher commission percentage for their sale representatives, which give more incentives to create business. Weaknesses can be found in the retail price in distribution channel 1, which is one of the highest of the four companies. With all their success they have maintained a low customer service budget as well as advertising dollars. The data shows that they are trying to promote more business in channel 2 with five more sales representatives than in channel 1. Voyz is targeting the market segments of assistants and managers. It appears that there is a large difference in preferences from the different market segments which makes it hard try and clump a group together. In channel 1 Voyz is carrying the lowest retail price which is good for those that shop in that distribution. Voyz strengths are that they offer low prices in both channels and have great advertising. A weakness would be their budget for sale promotions. Voyz had a big jump from week four to week five, with more than 2. 5 million dollars in sales. This could be caused by an increase in advertising as well as higher commission. In the later weeks they made an emphasis on increasing their sale promotions. Echo led the four companies in special commands as well as overall profit for the first couple of weeks. They are targeting high-end, well to do users that shop in distribution channel 1. Echo is looking to sell to managers, creators, and assistants. Echo has been profiting the most because of the higher prices. Channel 2 is higher than industry average as well, but with good promotional money and advertising they are getting customers to buy into the company. Technologically this product is evolving very quickly and new opportunities are readily available to try and compete with other competitors that are defining the industry. To be on top we need to predict the future of what the customer wants long term, ultimately being the key to success. If better opportunities arise to make our product in another country for less cost and the same technology is available that decision will be made by the head of the company and could put us at a strategic advantage, possibly opening new paths for consumers that didn’t even know about our product. A potentially global market will once again change the game and the product will see a phenomenal rate of growth. To introduce a product to other countries can be an enormous task with major spending but in doing so it will allow for greater profit in the future. Furthermore, producing our product in another country might bring down cost and ultimately lead to more profit. Production can occur in a country where there are low wages and lower cost for parts to make the end product. In addition, another country might have better tax incentives and other government funding to help the production of the VRD to become a more profitable product. Producing the VRD in another country will expand sales internationally as well because there will be more brand awareness in those markets. 2. Marketing Objectives: Compact’s marketing objectives focused on market segments that haven’t been utilized yet and customer satisfaction to retain as many customers as possible. If we can keep our customers happy and attract other consumers from different companies or market places we will gain an advantage. Our marketing type was direct for most of the game but to try and secure those other customers plus retain ours we switched to a reminder strategy. Ultimately, this didn’t turn out as well as we would have liked it to. In fact, in week 10 we had a major decline in profit. To gain an advantage our company needed to focus on high quality customer service and smart advertising to make the customer feel like they’re getting the knowledge and the most innovated type of product, with the company always supporting their product. Our budget for many weeks only allowed for a certain amount of money to be spent which cut into our customer service budget and our advertising. We also had to adjust our research and development since our company could not buy market reports. This was tough to do, but for a couple of weeks we saw a steady growth rate in profits, nothing compared to the leaders though. Our company was still producing profit, but in order to be at the top of our industry we decided on an approach to flood the customers with sales reps and create more advertising hopefully attracting customers that either didn’t know about our product or steal customers from our competitors. 3. Marketing Strategies: 3. 1 Target Market: After playing the game, we encountered different problems with our marketing strategy. Initially our group was doing well and we understood the features of the VRD. After receiving the reports in the first couple of weeks we realized that we had more special commands, ease of learning and the error protection then needed. We got different results from both channels so our strategy was to focus on one channel and put more of an emphasis to sell from that channel. We focused on channel 2 at first, and then gradually brought channel 1 into our strategy since our group was not doing well. Our group had some good competitors and they were doing really well in the business. In order to compete with them we had to change our strategy each week we gave our inputs. We analyzed our competitors and received as much information as we could. With a low budget we were unable to produce reports to determine where we needed to focus our dollars on. This hurt our overall plan because our group had to play a guessing game in order to try and figure out what the customers wanted. Initially we saw that students and the home users were more interested in our products. So we were giving our inputs accordingly. In order to make this an equal amongst all, we had to change some plans so that assistants and managers didn’t fall behind in buying our product. We tried incorporating a strategy to include these types of users and make them aware of our brand, but the other brands already established themselves which led us to have a hard time in the marketing mix. Our main focus was to make sure the customer was getting the special commands, error protection, and ease of learning that they wanted. Throughout the game we adjusted this several times. During one week we adjusted the commands down to better suit the customer’s needs, which we thought would possibly give us an advantage. 3. 2 Product Strategies: As we analyzed the market, we knew exactly what customers needed and what their field of interest was. We knew that we could extend the special commands to 20, ease of learning to 15 and error protection to 15. We could have increased our special commands very quickly but we knew that it’s a long run game and if we had increased our special commands rapidly we will not have any options in the future. We thought our plan was working very smoothly, but, our competitor’s strategy ended up becoming suitable for the market and dominating the industry. We decided to increase our special commands to try an put a product on the market comparable to the one of our competitors. Our biggest competitor ended up being ECHO because they also included the second device in their strategy. Another reason why we were competing with them was because we were the bottom two companies in our industry fighting for those last dollars whereas Vocley and Voyz both secured the top two spots and were fighting for the overall postiton. Initially we were making $800,000 but now we are making 1. 2m. As we changed the strategy and focused on different fields, we were back into business. We cut our cost in most of the things in order to concentrate more on customer support and advertisement. And the results were good enough. we were also spending a lot on our sales agents. We are gradually increasing our special commands, ease of learning and error protection and this was giving us leverage with the other companies but we couldn’t receive as much profit as them which led us to have an overall lower budget. As we said, there were lots of ups and dows in the business and that’s a reality. In real world we have these kinds of issues and its very normal because as time passes, lots of good companies and businesses come into picture and we have to think outside the box in order to compete with them. 3. 3 Promotion Strategies: Product promotion is important to target your segmented market. We strategized to develop the best method to promote our product. We needed to reach our consumers as effectively as possible. We saw different outcomes when we allocated our resources in different areas. Starting in period four we were allowed to determine how much money was going into our promotions. When we had more money to spend we were able to put more money into our promotions for both products. In turn we saw an increase in our units sold. Promotional dollars spent was direct correlated to the units sold, but with less revenue, we had less money to put into our promotion. 3. 3. 1 Customer Service: Customer service is essential to keep your customers happy. Customer service is the level of ease a customer can contact and reach the company. The customer should be able to contact the company in order ask for assistance in the product usage, discuss complaints that they may have, or re-order damaged or under warranty products. Customer service is very important to the customers and the more money that a company can set aside for customer service, the higher the levels of customer satisfaction with the company can be. This was difficult for our team to think how much to put into customer service, at first we spent less money on customer service and were still able to keep our customers satisfied. What our team found strikingly odd was that our customer service could continue to increase, but our customer service, was still not near the industry average. In the first three games we did not think that customer service levels would have the impact that they did on our sales. So we did not put high amounts of money into serving the customer’s needs. Then we realized the more our competitors spent in customer service, the more our customers where unsatisfied with the service levels that they were receiving. Our percentage was steadily decreasing and we needed to increase our percentage in respect to the industry average. On the y axis was the number of units sold and the x-axis the game period. In our findings we found that if you increased the customer service budget, you have happy returning customers. Our strategy was to stay with the industry average after finding the correlation between customer service and units sold. However, it is difficult to stay with the industry average, when sales are decreasing and revenue is dropping. 3. 3. 2 Advertising: Advertising is essential when targeting your market. A company can have the best idea in the world but without customer knowledge the product may never reach the market. Our team understood the importance of advertising our product and initially spent $280,000 in advertising alone. We knew that we had to reach our markets in order to sell our product, this strategy seemed to work very well for us and for the remainder of the game we contributed at the least $200,000 to advertising. In week four we were allowed to choose the type of advertising to market our product more effectively. In week four we went with the reminder, we choose reminder because we had the highest brand recognition out of all four of the competitors. Unfortunately, this did not work out in our favor, as our sales dropped dramatically. In week five we decided to choose pioneering, to show our market that we were the best in the market, if they wanted to quality and the most advanced product in the market. In week five this worked in our favor as our sales increased as well as our revenues. We typically kept with the direct market approach throughout the game except in period 5. We saw that we needed to have large amounts of money in each of the product advertising budgets in order to appeal to our target customers. We spent less money in advertising with product one, and did find that sales impact total units sold. With less and less money to spend in each product segment it was difficult to allocate which product should have the most advertising dollars to spend. In the long run we choose to try to compete with our competitors in the first product market. 3. 3. 3. Personal Selling: Understanding the significance of personal selling in marketing can help a company target their market. Personal selling is the most expensive form of advertisement, but it is the most effective. Selling at the personal level is a more direct approach in contacting your consumer. A person can better target a potential buy. Our team had to choose the appropriate amount of sales people and determine their commission to better influence the sale people to sale to the final consumer. Sales people are an incredibly important part of advertising, a sales person can influence the consumers to purchase the product. However a sales person needs the proper incentive to work their hardest to sell to the consumer. Initially we could only choose the number of sales representatives in each channel. First we equally divided them between the channels and found that the channels had different selling rates so we distrusted the sales representatives from then on. We put higher numbers of sales representatives in the channel that was in need of better sales. Later on in the game we were able to determine the work load of the sales representative and the commission that they could make. Initially, we thought that the higher we make the commission the harder the sales representative would work so in week four we increased the commission to a higher percent. We were also allowed to determine how much time the sales representative was supposed to have customer contact. We thought it was essential for the sales representative to send the most amount of time possible with the customers, without hindering their work performance. So we only made the sales representatives spend small amounts of time doing paper work and clerical duties. Although we were allowed to alter the sales person’s duties and commission so far the push percentage has been steady at of an average rate of . 38. We no longer purchase the reports to determine how well our sales representatives are pushing our products in each channel. Since the beginning we have increased our sales force, although it is the most expensive marketing tool, it is typically the most effective. The chart below shows that we have increased our sales force in each channel; additionally we have continued to raise their commission on the products they are selling. Keeping the number of sales representatives and their commission in mind we thought it would allow for a bigger push in each channel if we steadily increased both. † These methods can attract the consumer to use these products, sometimes it’s the consumers first time using the product and can affect their future purchases. If a customer is satisfied with a sample they can decide how much better the product is than the rest of your competitors and create brand loyalty to your product. We kept the sales promotion amounts pretty constant until period six and did not see an increase in the amount of sales. We did see an increase in our sales in period 7 as we spent almost double are typical spending on promotions but only had an increase of sales of about 5,000 units. Well the product was doing we were then able to order the appropriate amount of manufactured product for the next week. During the game we were able to keep manufacturing at similar levels as our sales were not increasing drastically. We did increase our production when our sales were increasing. 3. 5. Pricing Strategies: Consumers have always been very sensitive with price, and will be. Products that are priced incredibly high are sometimes seen as high quality or part of the social elite market. On the other hand products that are priced lower can been seen as high value or affordable. Price is one of the essential variables to reach your target market. Our team was able to understand our distribution channels and was able to determine that the people that tend to purchase our product in channel 2 were more price sensitive than those in channel 1. It didn’t occur to us that we should change the prices in the different channels until week four. After changing the prices in each channel we were able to target the different markets in each channel more effectively. Throughout the game we allocated our money different according to the resources that we had and what we needed to improve upon. Most of our money was allocated to our sales force in the first product segment. Combined from both product sectors and adding their salary and commission they were almost 75% of our total expenses. This does show that person to person selling is the most costly. Our next largest expense was advertising as we spent about 1/3 of our funds to advertise our product. The rest were very small amounts of our expenses throughout the game, we decided to spend less money in these areas as they had a smaller impact on our unit sales. Controls For the controls we wanted to see what worked best within our plan. We wanted to take a look at the controls every week and be able to monitor it. This would depend on want the customers’ wants and needs were. We knew and understood that we were here to serve them. Within the first three weeks we were able to reach our goal to serve the customers. We focused on ease of learning and special commands. We also were able to level off at error protection on the fourth week. But this was not enough as the weeks progressed we were always able to add more. During the fourth week we were able to purchase two more of each. That was ease of learning and special commands. The main reason that we raised those was because we seen other groups doing it to better serve their customers. We wanted to serve them as best as we could. Toward the end with extra money coming in we were able to increase all of them by two during the seventh week. Throughout the weeks we had to decide whether or not to buy the reports. We bought the reports in a later week to see if our preferences were in line with our target market. We made adjustments to our strategy and preferences so that we could meet the needs of our target market. Our objective for the remaining weeks was to make sure that overall we still had a profit and we were not losing money. This was attained and our objective was completed. In a real environment though, the company would have to consider strategic moves in order to stay competitive and survive in the long run. Our product was on a path towards the decline stage, if not already there. In the end, we still completed the game with a profit and had a product that certain groups of consumers relied upon.